The war has had devastating implications for both Ukrainian and global food security.
Often referred to as the ‘breadbasket of Europe’, Ukraine is one of the world’s most highly-cultivated countries and a key supplier of global food commodities. In 2020, it accounted for 36 per cent of global trade in sunflower oil and seeds, 13 per cent in corn and 11 per cent in barley.
The war has depleted Ukraine’s ability to export these key commodities. Farmland is contaminated with unexploded ordnances. Key food transport infrastructure has been destroyed. And Russian blockades on Ukrainian ports have disrupted global food supply chains.
As the World Food Programme notes, a “shortfall in export supplies is driving prices up, leaving import-dependent countries with higher food import bills – or less food to eat.” These processes have added to existing crises to create a situation in which a record 349 million people globally face acute food insecurity.